Biography

Dr. Muhammad Afzaal completed his F.Sc. (Pre-Medical) in 2003 and earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Government College University (GCU), Lahore in 2005. He obtained his M.Sc. in Environmental Chemistry from Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad in 2007, followed by an M.Phil. from the same institution in 2009.

In July 2009, Dr. Afzaal was awarded a fully funded Ph.D. scholarship by the Malaysian Government. He pursued his doctoral studies in Sustainable Biomaterials for Water Treatment at the Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), completing his Ph.D. in 2014.

Dr. Afzaal joined the Sustainable Development Study Centre (SDSC) at Government College University, Lahore in 2015 as an Assistant Professor. His research focuses on wastewater treatment, biomaterials, and microbial activity. He has published numerous research papers and book chapters in these areas and successfully supervised his first Ph.D. student, who graduated in July 2022.
Dr.Afzaal was also awarded best university teacher award of (2023-24) at Government College University Lahore .

He has presented his work at various national and international conferences and has delivered invited talks on wastewater treatment using innovative biomaterials. In addition, he regularly serves as an external examiner for B.Sc., M.Phil., and Ph.D. thesis evaluations at multiple universities

Education

• PhD in Environmental Chemistry, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia, (PERAK/Malaysia) 2014
• PhD in Environmental Chemistry, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia, (PERAK/Malaysia) 2014

Teaching Areas

Experience

Journal Papers

• Iram Liaqat, Ibtsam Qaiser, Muhammad Nauman Aftab, Sikander Ali, Asma Abdul Latif, Sajida Naseem, Muhammad Afzaal, Awais Khalid (2025). "Anti-biofilm potential of some fish probiotics, alone and in combination with antibiotics against isolated aquaculture pathogens; A preliminary data." Microbial Pathogenesis , Vol. 203 (107437) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107437 | Impact Factor: 3.3
• Mudassar Hussain, Sajida Naseem, Asma Abdul Latif, Abid Ali, Muhammad Nauman Aftab, Sikander Ali, Chaman Ara, Irfana Liaqat, Nazish Mazhar Ali, Muhammad Afzaal, Awais Khalid, Guo-Jing Yang, Iram Liaqat (2025). "Antibiofilm and Antiquorum Sensing Potential of Pheretima posthum." Journal of Oleo Science , Vol. 74 (1) , pp. 61-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess24210 | Impact Factor: 1.6
• Muhammad Arshad, Rab Nawaz, Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Atif Irshad, Ali Irfan, Mir Muhammad Nasir Qayyum, Khalid S. Almaary, Muhammad Afzaal, Zulkfil Ahmed & Mohammed Bourhia (2025). "Effect of daily thinning on biweekly increment of growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in mountainous agroecosystem." BMC Plant Biology , Vol. 25 (428) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06433-w | Impact Factor: 5.2
• Luqman, Muhammad, Umer F. Awan, Fariha Arooj, Awais Khalid, Muhammad Afzaal, Tehreem Shahid, Aliza Niazi, Hsi-Hsien Yang, and Hayat Shaukat Khan (2025). "Exploring microplastic pollution in the pristine Ghar-e-Tangi cave: First evidence from Pakistan’s subterranean ecosystem." Archives of Biological Sciences , Vol. 77 (1) , pp. 15-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/ABS241122002L | Impact Factor: 0.8
• Sania Mussa, Muhammad Farhan, Shoaib Ahmad, Khadija Zahra, Amina Kanwal, Qaiser Farid Khan, Muhammad Afzaal, Abdul Wahid, Pallab K. Sarker, Mohamed A. El-Sheikh & Shafaqat Ali (2025). "Exploring the utility of different bulking agents for speeding up the composting process of household kitchen waste." Scientific Reports , Vol. 15 (2488) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85433-0 | Impact Factor: 3.8
• Nusrat Bashir, Muhammad Afzaal, Asim Laeeq Khan, Rab Nawaz, Ali Irfan, Khalid S. Almaary, Fakhreldeen Dabiellil, Mohammed Bourhia & Zulkifl Ahmed (2025). "Green-synthesized silver nanoparticle-enhanced nanofiltration mixed matrix membranes for high-performance water purification." Scientific Reports , Vol. 15 (1001) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83801-w | Impact Factor: 3.9
• Rizwan Rasheed, Fizza Tahir, Shuaishuai Geng, Fizza Batool, Muhammad Afzaal, Yuehong Su (2025). "Grey Forecasting for technoeconomic sustainability of fiberglass composite waste recycling in developing countries." Heliyon , Vol. 11 (1) , pp. e41655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41655 | Impact Factor: 3.6
• Syeda Saira Iqbal1, Yasir Rehman2, Muhammad Afzaal1*, Sikandar Ali3, Sami A. Al-Hussain4, Rab Nawaz5,6, Iqra Nasim4, Ali Irfan7,8 and Magdi E. A. Zaki4* (2025). "Polystyrene and low-density polyethylene degradation by Bacillus cereus L1 isolated from plastic contaminated wastewater." Microbial Cell Factories , Vol. 24 (238) , pp. 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-025-02851-5 | Impact Factor: 6.1 [Link]
• Iqra Mazhar, Muhammad Afzaal, Muhammad Altaf, Manzar Sohail, Raja Shahid Ashraf & Abdul-Sattar Nizami (2025). "Structurally engineered monolithic catalyst for enhanced sunlight-driven degradation of ciprofloxacin in contaminated water systems." Discover Sustainability , Vol. 6 (606) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01396-2 | Impact Factor: 3.6
• Sikander Ali, Hijab Zahra, Muhammad Usman Ahmad, Amany A. Abdel-Rheem, Muhammad Afzaal, Rab Nawaz, Bakar Bin Khatab Abbasi, Ali Irfan & Yousef A. Bin Jardan (2025). "Synergistic photocatalytic and biomedical applications of Ag₂O-immobilized Bacillus subtilis-hyaluronic acid." Microbial Cell Factories , Vol. 24 (129) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-025-02750-9 | Impact Factor: 4.3
• Iram Liaqat, Alishba Fatima, Saiqa Andleeb, Sajida Naseem, Asma Abdul Latif, Muhammad Nauman Aftab, Sikander Ali, Muhammad Afzaal, Noor Muhammad & Awais Khalid (2025). "Synthesis of Biodegradable Nanocomposite–Based Chitosan/Ag NPs for Food Packaging." BioNanoScience , Vol. 15 (359) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-025-01947-x | Impact Factor: 3.2
• Manzar Zahra, Jigar Ali, Mohsin Javed, Muhammad Yousaf, Muhammad Afzaal, Syed Kashif Ali, Ahmad Asimov, Farruh Atamurotov, Doniyor Jumanazarov, Ali Bahadur, Shahid Iqbal, Sajid Mahmood, Abd-ElAziem Farouk (2025). "Synthesis, Characterization, and Enriched Photocatalytic Performance of FeS/NiS-Engineered Graphene Oxide (GO) Nanocomposites for Environmental Applications." Luminescence , Vol. 40 (10) , pp. e70331. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bio.70331 | Impact Factor: 3
• Iqra Arshad , Hifza Iqbal , Syeda Saira Iqbal , Muhammad Afzaal , Yasir Rehman (2024). "A Review on the Synergistic Approaches for Heavy Metals Bioremediation: Harnessing the Power of Plant-Microbe Interactions." LGU Journal of Life Sciences , Vol. 8 (2) , pp. 268-288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54692/lgujls.2024.0802343
• Muhammad Afzaal, Saira Iqbal, Akhtar Iqbal, Sarfraz Ahmed, Ashfaq Ahmed, Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Nawaz,Israf Ud Din, Mshari A. Alotaibi, Abdulrahman I. Alharthi, M. Afroz Bakht,Akil Ahmad & Amal A. Nassar (2024). "Estimation of heavy metals in sediments and aquatic plant species in two rivers of Punjab, Pakistan." Journal of Taibah University for Science , Vol. 18 (1) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16583655.2024.2354574 | Impact Factor: 3.3
• Iram Liaqat, Saiqa Andleeb, Sajida Naseem, Abid Ali, Asma Abdul Latif, Muhamad Nauman Aftab, Sikander Ali, Asia Bibi, Muhammad Mubin, Awais Khalid, Muhammad Afzaal, Guo-Jing Yang, Shahzad Tufail, Haroon Ahmad (2024). "Exploring In Vitro Antibiofilm Potential and In Vivo Toxicity Assessment of Gold Nanoparticles." Journal of Basic Microbiology , Vol. 65 (e2400329) , pp. 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.202400329 | Impact Factor: 3.5
• Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah, Muhammad Shahid Nazir, Hanaa Ali Hussein, Syed Muhammad Usman Shah, Nizakat Azra, Ramsha Iftikhar, Muhammad Saqlain Iqbal, Zeenat Qamar, Zulfiqar Ahmad, Muhammad Afzaal, Ahmad Daud Om, Mohd Idris Shaharah, Aweng Eh Rak, Yung-Tse Hu (2024). "New perspectives on biomass conversion and circular economy based on Integrated Algal-Oil Palm Biorefinery framework for sustainable energy and bioproducts co-generation." Industrial Crops and Products , Vol. 213 (118452) , pp. 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.118452 | Impact Factor: 5.9
• Muhammad Afzaal, Rab Nawaz, Saddam Hussain, Mahnoor Nadeem, Muhammad Atif Irshad, Ali Irfan, Hafiz Abdul Mannan, Aamal A. Al-Mutairi, Atif Islam, Sami A. Al-Hussain, Mehwish Rubab & Magdi E. A. Zaki (2024). "Removal of oxytetracycline from pharmaceutical wastewater using kappa carrageenan hydrogel." Scientific Reports , Vol. 14 (19687) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-69989-x | Impact Factor: 3.8
• Rizwan Rasheeda, Hajra Javeda, Asfra Rizwana, Muhammad Afzaala, Sajid Rashid Ahmad (2023). "Eco-sustainability analysis of precast-concrete utility poles manufacturing–A case study from Pakistan." Heliyon , Vol. 9 (4) , pp. e14976. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14976 | Impact Factor: 3.6
• Yousra Ahsan, Aisha Waheed Qurashi, Iram Liaqat, Asma Latif, Muhammad Afzaal, Awais Khalid, Andleeb A. Sardar (2023). "Efficacy of rice husk and halophilic bacterial biofilms in the treatment of saline water." Journal of Basic Microbiology , Vol. 63 (8) , pp. 855-867. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.202300062 | Impact Factor: 3.5
• Muhammad Afzaal, Syeda Saira Iqbal, Naeem Akhtar Abbasi, Hafiz Abdul Manan, Rizwan Rasheed, Muhammad Farhan, Rab Nawaz, Aamir Amanat Ali Khan, Qamar uz Zaman, Khawar Sultan, Sajid Mansoor, Madiha Khan, Muhammad Adnan Ashraf (2023). "Efficient treatment of tannery wastewater through aeration, coagulation, and algal pond." Water Environment Research , Vol. 95 (12) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.10952 | Impact Factor: 1.9
• Iram Liaqat, Awais Khalid, Saima Rubab, Farzana Rashid, Asma Abdul Latif, Sajida Naseem, Asia Bibi, Bushra Nisar Khan, Waiza Ansar and Arshad Javed (2023). "In Vitro Biofilm-Mediated Biodegradation of Pesticides and Dye-Contaminated Effluents Using Bacterial Biofilms." Microorganisms , Vol. 11 (9) (2163) , pp. 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11092163 | Impact Factor: 4.2
• Muhammad Afzaal, Syeda Saira Iqbal, Rohama Nassir, Neha Javid John and Aysha Arif (2023). "Optimization of Levofloxacin Removal by Corn Husk and its Activated Carbon." International Journal of Forest Sciences , Vol. 3 (3) , pp. 170-193.
• Yusra Mahfooz, Abdullah Yasar, Liu Guijian, Qamer Ul Islam, Rizwan Rasheed, Muhammad Afzaal, Hifza Butt & Urooj Naeem (2022). "Appraisal and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in wastewater irrigated area." Arabian Journal of Geosciences , Vol. 15 (1624) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10894-w | Impact Factor: 2.01
• Naeem, U.; Qazi, M. A.; Haq, I. u.; Afzaal, M. (2022). "ASPERGILLUS NIGER AS THE RAPID PRESS MUD COMPOSTING AGENT." Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences , Vol. 32 (2) . DOI: http://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2022.2.0449 | Impact Factor: 0.570
• Rizwan Rasheed, Fizza Tahir, Muhammad Afzaal & Sajid Rashid Ahmad (2022). "Decomposition analytics of carbon emissions by cement manufacturing – a way forward towards carbon neutrality in a developing country." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , Vol. 29 , pp. 49429–49438. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-20797-8 | Impact Factor: 4.463
• Mudassar Hussain, Iram Liaqat, Muhammad Mubin, Bushra Nisar, Khurram Shahzad, Arjumand Iqbal Durrani, Urooj Zafar, Muhammad Afzaal, Aqsa Ehsan, Saima Rubab (2022). "DNA Barcoding: Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Pheretimoid Earthworm (Metaphire sp. and Amynthas sp.) Based on Mitochondrial Partial COI Gene from Sialkot, Pakistan." Journal of Oleo Science , Vol. 71 (1) , pp. 83-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess21246 | Impact Factor: 1.6
• Muhammad Afzaal; Saman Hameed; Iram Liaqat; Amir Amanat Ali Khan; Hafiz abdul Manan; Raja Shahid; Muhammad Altaf (2022). "Heavy metals contamination in water, sediments and fish of freshwater ecosystems in Pakistan." Water Practice and Technology , Vol. 17 (5) , pp. 1253–1272. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2022.039 | Impact Factor: 1.8
• Iram Liaqat, Babar Gulab, Uzma Hanif, Aisha Sultan, Ayesha Sadiqa, Urooj Zafar, Muhammad Afzaal, Sajida Naseem, Sumia Akram, Gulbeena Saleem (2022). "Honey Potential as Antibiofilm, Antiquorum Sensing and Dispersal Agent against Multispecies Bacterial Biofilm." Journal of Oleo Science , Vol. 71 (3) , pp. 425-434. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess21199 | Impact Factor: 1.6
• Iram Liaqat, Zubreen Shaanzeh, Asia Bibi, Urooj Zafar, Sajida Naseem, Rabbia Ali, Saiqa Andleeb, Gulbeena Saleem, Irfana Liaqat, Muhammad Afzaal (2022). "In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Biogenically Synthesized Nickel and Zinc Nanoparticles against Selected Pathogenic Bacterial Strains." Journal of Oleo Science , Vol. 71 (8) , pp. 1181-1188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess22068 | Impact Factor: 1.6
• Muhammad Afzaal; Saman Hameed; Naeem Akthar Abbasi; Iram Liaqat; Rizwan Rasheed; AamirAmanat Ali Khan; Hafiz abdul Manan (2022). "Removal of Cr (III) from wastewater by using raw and chemically modified sawdust and corn husk." Water Practice and Technology , Vol. 17 (9) , pp. 1937–1958. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2022.093 | Impact Factor: 1.8
• Muhammad Afzaal, Azmuddin Abdullah, Sarfraz Ahmed, Amtul Bari Tabinda, Safdar Ali Mirza, Asma Aftab, Muhammad Ibrahim, Ajaz Hussian, Azhar Rasul, Yasir Waqas, Rizwan Rasheed, Ashfaq Ahmad (2021). "Evaluation of kapok Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaert for the removal of residual oil from POME(Palm oil mill effeluent) by using factorial design Bioreactor." Pakistan Journal of Science , Vol. 73 (3) , pp. 605-609.
• Muhammad Ibrahim, Muhammad Afzaal, Munawar Hussain, Muhammad Khalid, Ajaz Hussian, AzharRasul, YasirWaqas, Atif Amin Baig, Ali Ahmad, Asma Aftab, Aqsa Fayyaz, Shehla Munir, Rashem Waheed, Sarfraz Ahmed (2021). "Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals via Dietary Intake of Foodstuffs from the Multan, Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Science , Vol. 73 (3) , pp. 559-563.
• Urooj Naeem, Irfan ul Haq, Muhammad Afzaal, Akram Qazi, Abdullah Yasar, Amtul bari Tabinda, Yusra Mahfooz, Asad Ullah Naz & Humera Awan (2021). "Investigating the effect of Aspergillus niger inoculated press mud (biofertilizer) on the potential of enhancing maize (Zea mays. L) yield, potassium use efficiency and potassium agronomic efficiency." Cereal Research Communications , Vol. 50 , pp. 157–170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-021-00153-1 | Impact Factor: 1.9
• Iram Liaqat, Muhammad Mubeen,Maleeha Anwar Chaudhry, Najma Arshad, Muhammad Afzaal , Chaman Ara, Nazish Mazhar Ali, Andleeb Anwar Sardar, Umer Farooq Awan, Sumaira Sajjad, Farzana Rashid, Shaukat Ali (2021). "Multienzyme and Antibacterial Potential of Bacteria Isolated from gut of Asian Honey Bee (Apis cerana Indica), Lahore Using Culture Dependent Method." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology , Vol. 64 . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2021210018 | Impact Factor: 1.1
• Zuhha Taqdees, Javairia Khan, Waqas-ud-Din Khan, Salma Kausar, Muhammad Afzaal, Imran Akhtar (2021). "Silicon and zinc nanoparticles-enriched miscanthus biochar enhanced seed germination, antioxidant defense system, and nutrient status of radish under NaCl stress." Crop & Pasture Science , Vol. 73 (5) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/CP21342 | Impact Factor: 2.249
• Muhammad Nawaz, Muhammad Afzaal, Zainab Shahid, Muhammad Ibrahim, Sarfraz Ahmad, Humaira Nawaz (2021). "Studies On the Role of Fungal Strains in Bioremediation of Dyes Isolated from Textile Effluents." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology , Vol. 12 (2) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v12i2.100 | Impact Factor: 0.42
• Ali Ahmad, Aftab Ahmad Anjum, Muhammad Younus1, Sarfraz Ahmed, Ali Ashraf , Ali Asif, Muhammad YasirWaqas, Muhammad Afzaal, Muhammad Ibrahim, Saba Sana (2020). "Optimization of culture conditions for phytase production by ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS PHY168 isolated from soil." Pakistan Journal of Science , Vol. 72 (3) , pp. 176-180.
• Nusrat Bashir, Rashid Saeed, Muhammad Afzaal, Ashfaq Ahmad, Nawshad Muhammad, Jibran Iqbal, Abdullah Khan, Yusra Maqbool, Saman Hameed (2020). "Water quality assessment of lower Jhelum canal in Pakistan by using geographic information system (GIS)." Groundwater for Sustainable Development , Vol. 10 (100357) . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100357 | Impact Factor: 5.6
• A. Ahmad, A. H. Bhat, A. Buang, S. M. U. Shah, M. Afzal (2019). "Biotechnological application of microalgae for integrated palm oil mill effluent (POME) remediation: A review." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology , Vol. 16 , pp. 1763–1788. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-2118-8 | Impact Factor: 3.3
• A. B. Tabinda, F. Arshed, A. Yasar, M. Afzaal & A. Iqbal (2019). "Comparative analysis of desulphurization methods of tyre pyrolysis oil (TPO)." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology , Vol. 16 , pp. 4013–4018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1898-1 | Impact Factor: 3.3
• Atif Amin, Baig and Muhammad, Ibrahim and Muhammad, Afzaal (2019). "Health risk assessment of heavy metals via dietary intake of foodstuffs from the Multan, Pakistan." Annals of Life Sciences , Vol. 3 (1) , pp. 8-16.
• Sarfraz Ahmed, Siti Amrah Sulaiman, Muhammad Ibrahim, Azhar Rasul, Muhammad Yasir Waqas, Atif Amin Baig, Muhammad Afzaal, Muhammad Zeeshan Ahmed, Nor Hayati Othman (2018). "Effect of Daily Supplementation of Malaysian Jungle Tualang Honey and Australian/New Zealand Manuka honey on Hematological and Some Biochemical Variables in Female Rats." Annals of Life Sciences , Vol. 2 (5) , pp. 10-22.
• Abdullah Yasar , Saba Nazir , Amtul Bari Tabinda, Masooma Nazar , Rizwan Rasheed, Muhammad Afzaal (2017). "Socio-economic, health and agriculture benefits of rural household biogas plants in energy scarce developing countries: A case study from Pakistan." Renewable Energy , Vol. 108 , pp. 19-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.02.044 | Impact Factor: 8.3
• Abdullah Yasar, Madeha Zakria, Amtul Bari Tabinda and Muhammad Afzaal (2016). "Cost–benefit analysis of using treated sewage for landscaping in Lahore city, Pakistan." Desalination and Water Treatment , Vol. 57 (41) , pp. 19131-19139. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1099472 | Impact Factor: 1.3
• Rizwan Rasheed, Abdullah Yasar, Amtul Bari Tabinda, Naghman Khan, Yuehong Su and Muhammad Afzaal (2016). "Techno-economic impacts of innovative commercial industrial scale bioenergy plant in Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences , Vol. 53 (3) , pp. 647-652.
• M. A. Abdullah, M. Afzaal, Z. Ismail, A. Ahmad, M. S. Nazir, A. H. Bhat (2015). "Comparative study on structural modification of Ceiba pentandra for oil sorption and palm oil mill effluent treatment." Desalination and Water Treatment , Vol. 54 (11) , pp. 3044-3053. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.906326 | Impact Factor: 1.3
• Muhammad Afzaal, Balasubramanian Periyasamy, Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah (2014). "Continuous Heavy Metal Removal from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Natural Ceiba pentandra Packed-Bed Column." Applied Mechanics and Materials , Vol. 625 , pp. 822-825. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.625.822 | Impact Factor: 0.1
• Muhammad Rashid Khan, Muhammad Afzaal, Naima Saeed and Maria Shabbir (2011). "Protective potential of methanol extract of Digera muricata on acrylamide induced hepatotoxicity in rats." African Journal of Biotechnology , Vol. 10 (42) . DOI: 10.5897/AJB11.771 | Impact Factor: 0.6

Books (Complete)

• Muhammad Afzaal, Rasheed Khan, Amtul Bari Tabinda (Eds.) (2016). Protective Effects of Methanolic Extract of Digera Muricata L.Mart. Against Toxicity Induced With Acrylamide in Rat Liver "Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan" , ISBN: 9783659901614
• Amtul Bafi Tabinda, Abdullah Yasir, Muhammad Afzaal, Naveed Ahmed (Eds.) (2015). Environment and Sustainable Development "Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University Lahore" , ISBN: 9789699071070

Book Chapters

• Muhammad Afzaal, Amna Ilyas, Wasif Hussain, Mohsin Gulzar Barq, Amtul Bari Tabinda Akhtar , Rab Nawaz, Nehsoon Tahir, Andleeb Batool (2025). Emerging prospects in microalgae-based biorefineries: potential for carbohydrate-enriched biomass, high-value products, and bioactive compounds , Chapter #13. In Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications , 1 ed. (pp.235-249). Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Salman Ashraf Elsevier. ISBN: 9780443240072
• Muhammad Farhan, Muhammad Afzaal , Amina Kanwal , Atika Waqar , Qaiser Farid Khan , Muhammad Ali , Maqsood Ahmad , Zahid Ali Butt (2025). Freshwater microalgae: promising food sources with nutritional and functional properties , Chapter #11. In Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications , 1 ed. (pp.205-217). Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Salman Ashraf Elsevier. ISBN: 9780443240072
• Gul Zareen Ghafoor , Anam Rafique , Uqba Maher , Memoona Tahir , Memuna Ghafoor Shahid , Faiza Sharif , Naghmana Ghafoor , Laila Shahzad , Muhammad Umar Hayyat , Muhammad Afzaal (2025). Microalgae as health and disease prevention agents , Chapter #4. In Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications , 1 ed. (pp.69-87). Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Salman Ashraf Elsevier. ISBN: 9780443240072
• Muhammad Afzaal, Aruba Imran, Syeda Saira Iqbal , Amtul Bari Tabinda Akhtar , Rizwan Rasheed , Muhammad Farhan , Rab Nawaz , Sajid Mansoor (2025). Nutritional and functional microalgae for human health , Chapter #12. In Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications , 1 ed. (pp.219-234). Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Salman Ashraf Elsevier. ISBN: 9780443240072
• Muhammad Afzaal , Aruba Imran , Syeda Saira Iqbal , Sadia Nawaz , Andleeb Batool , Naeem Akhtar abbasie , Tehreema Iftikhar , Rab Nawaz , Aamir Amanat Ali , Nehsoon Tahir Sharif , Manzar Zahra (2025). Potential microalgae-derived antioxidants as human health supplements nutritional evaluation and benefits , Chapter #7. In Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications , 1 ed. (pp.131-144). Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Salman Ashraf Elsevier. ISBN: 9780443240072
• Muhammad Afzaal , Aruba Imran , Syeda Saira Iqbal , Amtul Bari Tabinda Akhtar , Muhammad Umar Hayat , Nehsoon Tahir Sharif , Rab Nawaz , Urooj Naeem , Andleeb Batool, Sadia Nawaz (2025). Scaling up microalgal cultures for sustainable and nutritional food production , Chapter #16. In Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications , 1 ed. (pp.295-323). Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Salman Ashraf Elsevier. ISBN: 9780443240072
• Mohsin Gulzar Barq , Wasif Hussain , Qaiser Farid Khan , Naba Azhar , Muhammad Afzaal (2025). Sustainable microalgae-derived pigments for the food industry , Chapter #8. In Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications , 1 ed. (pp.145-165). Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Salman Ashraf Elsevier. ISBN: 9780443240072
• Muhammad Afzaal , Aruba Imran , Sadia Nawaz , Syeda Saira Iqbal , Muhammad Umar Hayat , Andleeb Batool , Tehreema Iftikhar , Rab Nawaz, Urooj Naeem , Nehsoon Tahir Sharif (2025). Therapeutic potential of microalgae-derived innovative biomaterial , Chapter #10. In Algae Biotechnology for Biomedical and Nutritional Applications , 1 ed. (pp.191-204). Ashfaq Ahmad, Syed Salman Ashraf Elsevier. ISBN: 9780443240072
• Muhammad Afzaal, Nusrat Bashir, Ilza Amjad, Naeem Akthar Abbasi, Syeda Saira Iqbal, Faiza Sharif, Hafiz Abdul Mannan, Aruba Imran, Amir Amanat Ali Khan, Basit Zeshan & Yasir Rehman (2024). Amino Acids and Their Biosynthesis, Extraction, Purification, and Refining , Chapter #16. In Recent Advances in Industrial Biochemistry (pp.419–431). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Aamer Saeed, Syed Ghulam Musharraf and Wang Shuhong  Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783031509896
• Qaiser Farid Khan, Mehvish Shabir, Gul Zareen Ghafoor, Faiza Sharif, Muhammad Khurshid, Rizwan Rasheed, Hafiz Arbab Sakandar, Naba Azhar, Umar Hayyat, Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar, Muhammad Afzaal & Mohsin Gulzar Barq (2024). Biodegradation of POPs in Contaminated Land/Water , Chapter #8. In Contaminated Land and Water (pp.101–118). Hassan Alshemmari, Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Yasar N. Kavil, Wang Shu-hong Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783031651298
• Muhammad Afzaal, Eman Idrees, Muhammad Farooq, Naeem Akhtar Abbasi, Hafiz Abdul Manan, Ahmad Farooq, Farida Begum, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Huzaifa Mehboob, Gul Zareen Ghafoor, Muhammad Umar Hayat, Iqra Mazhar, Nusrat Bashir, Syeda Saira Iqbal & Zafar Hashmi (2024). Contaminated Land/Water Microbial Diversity and Enzymatic Activity in Relation to Pollution , Chapter #4. In Contaminated Land and Water (pp.45–57). Hassan Alshemmari, Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Yasar N. Kavil, Wang Shu-hong Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783031651298
• Muhammad Afzaal, Syeda Saira Iqbal, Naeem Akthar Abbasi, Faiza Sharif, Mehreen Fatima, Haseeb Nisar, Aruba Imran, Nusrat Bashir, Hafiz Abdul Mannan, Amir Amanat Ali Khan, Iram Liaqat & Yasir Rehman (2024). Fermentation and Production of Microorganisms for Industrial Products: An Introduction , Chapter #1. In Recent Advances in Industrial Biochemistry (pp.1–15). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Aamer Saeed, Syed Ghulam Musharraf and Wang Shuhong  Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783031509896
• Muhammad Afzaal, Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan, Shahzad Sharif, Muhammad Umar Hayat, Muhammad Luqman & Zafar Hashmi (2024). Impact of Biochar on the Pollutants in Contaminated Land and Fertility , Chapter #5. In Contaminated Land and Water (pp.59–68). Hassan Alshemmari, Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Yasar N. Kavil, Wang Shu-hong Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783031651298
• Muhammad Afzaal, Aruba Imran, Naeem Akthar Abbasi, Faiza Sharif, Syeda Rizwan Rasheed, Saira Iqbal, Nusrat Bashir, Qaiser Farid Khan, Hafiz Abdul Mannan, Yasir Rehman, Asim Laeeq Khan, Zafar Hashmi, Farida Begum, Shaukat Ali & Iram Liaqat (2024). Industrial Trends in Antibiotics , Chapter #8. In Recent Advances in Industrial Biochemistry (pp.129–145). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Aamer Saeed, Syed Ghulam Musharraf and Wang Shuhong  Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783031509896
• Zainab Tahir, Qaiser Farid Khan, Umar Hayyat, Faiza Sharif, Naba Azhar, Zaib un Nisa, Muhammad Farhan, Rizwan Rasheed, Gul Zareen Ghafoor, Muhammad Afzaal, Hamid Majeed & Hafiz Arbab Sakandar (2024). Isotopic Tools for Tracing Water Pollutants , Chapter #6. In Contaminated Land and Water (pp.69–89). Hassan Alshemmari, Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Yasar N. Kavil, Wang Shu-hong Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783031651298
• Muhammad Afzaal , Nusrat Bashir , Rizwan Rasheed , Waqas Ud Din Khan , Iqra Mazhar , Syeda Saira Iqbal (2022). Hormones-active substances , Chapter #9. In Environmental Micropollutants (pp.151-181). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Shuhong Wang, and Zulkfil Ahmed Elsevier. ISBN: 9780323905558
• Muhammad Afzaal , Iqra Mazhar , Rizwan Rasheed , Faiza Sharif , Waqas Ud Din Khan , Nusrat Bashir , Syeda Saira Iqbal , Abdullah Khan (2022). Industrial chemicals as micropollutants in the environment , Chapter #2. In Environmental Micropollutants , 1 ed. (pp.13-44). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Shuhong Wang, and Zulkfil Ahmed Elsevier. ISBN: 9780323906753
• Muhammad Afzaal , Saman Hameed , Rizwan Rasheed , Waqas Ud Din Khan (2022). Microalgal biofuels: A sustainable pathway for renewable energy , Chapter #10. In Algal Biotechnology (pp.187-222). Ashfaq Ahmad, Fawzi Banat, Hanifa AlBlooshi Elsevier. ISBN: 9780323904766
• Qaiser Farid Khan, Sidra Anum, Hafiz Arbab Sakandar, Muhammad Farhan, Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar, Muhammad Afzaal & Hamid Majeed (2022). Occurrence of Microplastic Pollution in Marine Water . In Microplastic Pollution (pp.257–274). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783030892203
• Muhammad Afzaal, Sidra Mukhtar, Masooma Nazar, Afifa Malik, Amtul Bari Tabinda, Abdullah Yasir, Ashfaq Ahmed Bangash, Sarfraz Ahmed, Azhar Rasool & Muhammad Khalid (2020). Bio-monitoring of Antibiotics and AMR/ARGs . In Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (pp.163–175). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783030404222
• Muhammad Ibrahim 1 , Fiaz Ahmad 2 , Bushra Yaqub 1 , Ayesha Ramzan 1 , Ayesha Imran 1 , Muhammad Afzaal 3 , Safdar Ali Mirza 4 , Iqra Mazhar 3 , Muhammad Younus 5 , Qaisar Akram 5 , Muhammad Sulman Ali Taseer 5 , Ali Ahmad 5 , Sarfraz Ahmed 6 (2020). Current trends of antimicrobials used in food animals and aquaculture , Chapter #4. In Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in the Environment , 1 ed. (pp.39-69). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128188828
• Iqra Sarfraz, Azhar Rasul, Ghulam Hussain, Syed Makhdoom Hussain, Khizar Samiullah, Bilal Rasool, Ammara Riaz, Muhammad Asrar & Zeliha Selamoglu (2020). Global and Temporal Trends in the Use of Antibiotics and Spread of Antimicrobial Resistance . In Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (pp.81–94). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783030404222
• Safdar Ali Mirza, Iram Liaqat, Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan , Muhammad Afzaal (2020). Long-range transport of antibiotics and AMR/ARGs , Chapter #7. In Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in the Environment , 1 ed. (pp.117-125). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128188828
• Safdar Ali Mirza , Muhammad Afzaal , Sajida Begum, Taha Arooj, Muniza Almas, Sarfraz Ahmed , Muhammad Younus (2020). Uptake mechanism of antibiotics in plants , Chapter #11. In Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in the Environment , 1 ed. (pp.183-188). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi Elsevier. ISBN: 9780128188828
• Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah, Muhammad Afzaal, Safdar Ali Mirza, Sakinatu Almustapha & Hanaa Ali Hussein (2019). Recyclable and Eco-friendly Single Polymer Composite . In Sustainable Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites (pp.693-725). Inamuddin, Sabu Thomas, Raghvendra Kumar Mishra, Abdullah M. Asiri Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783030053994
• Muhammad Afzaal, Safdar Ali Mirza, Miuniza Mir, Sarfraz Ahmed, Azhar Rasul, Shabab Nasir, Muhammad Yasir Waqas & Ummad ud din Umar (2018). Antibiotics and Resistant Genes in Paddy Soil . In Environmental Pollution of Paddy Soils (pp.99–112). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi and Ajit Varma Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783319936710
• Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi, Aatika Kanwal, Rabbia Murtaza, Sunbal Siddique, Xiaomei Su, Xianjin Tang & Muhammad Afzaal (2018). Arsenic in Untreated and Treated Manure: Sources, Biotransformation, and Environmental Risk in Application on Soils: A Review . In Environmental Pollution of Paddy Soils (pp.179–195). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi and Ajit Varma Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783319936710
• Muhammad Afzaal, Sidra Mukhtar, Afifa Malik, Rabbia Murtaza & Masooma Nazar (2018). Paddy Soil Microbial Diversity and Enzymatic Activity in Relation to Pollution . In Environmental Pollution of Paddy Soils (pp.139–149). Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi and Ajit Varma Springer, Cham. ISBN: 9783319936710

Awards/Achievements

• Best University Teacher Award (2023), Government College University Lahore.
• Won Research Project Offered (2023), ORIC Government College University Lahore.
• Merit Scholarships in Ph.D (2014), Malaysian Govt.
• Got 2nd Position at School Level in Matriculation Exam (1998), Lahore board.

Thesis/Research Supervisions

• Amna Ilyas (2023), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Adsorption of antibiotics from pharmaceutical wastewater by using chitosan-based hydrogel" (Completed)
• Daniyal Naeem (2023), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Potential of bacterial biofilms for chromium removal from industrial wastewater" (Completed)
• Saddam Hussain (2023), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Adsorption of Oxytetracycline from Pharmaceutical Wastewater by Using Carrageenan Based Hydrogel" (Completed)
• Aruba Imran, Sheharyar (2022), BS. Thesis: "Use of Eichhornia and Pistia for the Removal of Arsenic from Drinking Water" (Completed)
• Asad Manan (2022), BS. Thesis: "Occurrence of fungal microbial contamination in drinking water" (Completed)
• Ayesha Idrees (2022), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Adsorption of Methylene blue from textile wastewater by using chitosan-based hydrogel" (Completed)
• Muhammad Ahmed Sajid (2022), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Synthesis of chitosan based hydrogel for chromium (vi) removal from tannery wastewater" (Completed)
• Saman Hameed (2022), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Sustainable recovery of Cu (II), Cr (III) and Ni (II) from waste water by raw and chemically treated sawdust and corn husk" (Completed)
• Aysha Arif (2021), BS. Thesis: "Optimization of amoxicillin removal from synthetic aqueous solution using poultry feathers" (Completed)
• Neha Javed John (2021), BS. Thesis: "Optimization of Tetracycline Bio sorption using rice husk and it’s Activated Carbon" (Completed)
• Rohama Nasir (2021), BS. Thesis: "Optimization of Levofloxacin removal by Corn Husk and its Activated Carbon" (Completed)
• Abdullah Khan (2020), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Analysis of pm10 and its bounded heavy metals in main bus terminals of Lahore and Peshawar" (Completed)
• Fatima Naqvi (2020), BS. Thesis: "Heavy metals removal from pharmaceutical waste water using coconut shells" (Completed)
• Muhammad Adeel (2020), BS. Thesis: "Heavy Metals Removal from Tannery wastewater using orange peels" (Completed)
• Sher Zaman (2020), BS. Thesis: "Heavy metals removal from textile waste water using banana peels" (Completed)
• Yusra Maqbool (2020), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Comparative Analysis and Health Impacts of PM2.5 in Bus Terminals of Lahore and Peshawar" (Completed)
• Aarfa Tufail (2019), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Methylene blue dye Removal by Local Clay, Activated carbon and composite of both Material from textile wastewater" (Completed)
• Faizan, AshfaqTaqiGujjar (2019), BS. Thesis: "Removal of the congo red from water by activated carbon prepared from Bagasse material" (Completed)
• Mahad Ali (2019), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Treatment of wastewater from Kasur tanneries with nano- photo catalysis" (Completed)
• Ramsha Asghar (2019), BS. Thesis: "Use of Waste plastic Bottle Materials for the Manufacturing of Concrete Blocks" (Completed)
• AmnaAman, Mehmawajid (2018), BS. Thesis: "Determination of Total suspended particulate matter in an academic institute (GCU,Lahore)" (Completed)
• Iqra Mazhar (2018), Ph.D.. Thesis: "Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants from industrial effluents using metal-doped oxides nanocomposites" (In Progress)
• Mehwish Rubab, Adnan Ali Nawaz (2018), BS. Thesis: "Using of Begass charcoal and pith for the removal of Cr(vi) from tanneries wastewater and evaluation of health risk assessment in prone areas" (Completed)
• Muhammad Babar (2018), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Determination and Characteristic Analysis of Ambient Air, Particulate Matter and Noise pollution at different location in Lahore" (Completed)
• Sami Ullah (2018), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Assessment of selected Organochlorines (O.C.s) in tobacco growing soil and ground water from Buner District" (Completed)
• Khurshid Ahmad, Muhammad Rehman Majeed (2017), BS. Thesis: "Application of advance oxidation processes for removal of Color, TSS, COD and BOD from textile wastewater" (Completed)
• Maryam Imran (2017), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Environmental Assessment, Monitoring and Management oBagasse Power Plant in Jauhrabad Sugar Industry" (Completed)
• Muhammad Salman Israr, Ambreen Mussarat (2017), BS. Thesis: "Assessment of Automobile Exhaust from Busy Crossroads of Lahore" (Completed)
• Istaqlal Haider (2016), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Assessing exposure and health consequences of arsenic and fluoride contamination in the selected community of district Bahawalpur" (Completed)
• Kiran Irshad (2016), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Quality characterization and magnitude of pollution implication in paint mill effluents" (Completed)
• Mehwish Jabeen (2016), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Environmental health and safety management by identification of hazards and risk analysis in a large-scale fertilizer industry" (Completed)
• Muhammad Adnan Ashraf (2016), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Efficient Treatment of Tannery Wastewater through Aeration, Coagulation and Algae ponds" (Completed)
• Sobia Qayyum (2016), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Treatment of textile dye effluent by application of chemical Coagulation and electro coagulation for cod and color removal" (Completed)
• Zainab Shahid (2016), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Bioremediation of dyes by fungi isolated from contaminated dye effluent sites" (Completed)
• Arooj Naeem (2015), Ph.D.. Thesis: "Value added Composting of Press Mud by Using Efficient Fungal and bacterial Isolates" (Completed)
• Ayesha Akhtar (2015), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Catalytic ozonation of simulated textile dyeing wastewater using different catalyst" (Completed)
• Saima Faqeer (2013), MS/MPhil. Thesis: "Perception of women for water quality, its heath impact and willingness to pay for its improvement in rural community of Faisalabad" (Completed)